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〕 |footnotes = }} Lakeview is a city in Lake County, Oregon, United States. The population was 2,294 at the 2010 census. It is the county seat of Lake County. The city bills itself as the "Tallest Town in Oregon" because of its elevation. Lakeview is situated in the Goose Lake Valley at the foot of the Warner Mountains and at the edge of Oregon's high desert country. Its economy is based on agriculture, lumber production, and government activities. In addition, tourism is an increasingly important part of the city's economy. Oregon's Outback Scenic Byway passes through Lakeview. ==History== Native Americans may have occupied the area around Lakeview for as much as 14,000 years, as evidenced by artifacts found in the Paisley Caves north of Lakeview.〔("Researchers, Led by Archaeologist, Find Pre-Clovis Human DNA" ), ''Newswise'', University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, April 3, 2008.〕〔("Lake County History" ), Oregon Historical County Records Guide, ''Oregon Blue Book'', State Archives Division, Oregon Secretary of State, Salem, Oregon, July 19, 2014.〕 When the first white explorers came through the Goose Lake Valley, Shoshone speaking people were living in the area.〔Bach, Melva M., ("Snake Indians and Early Explorers" ) (PDF), ''History of the Fremont National Forest'', Fremont National Forest, United States Forest Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Lakeview, Oregon, 1981, p. 3.〕 In 1827, Peter Skene Ogden led a brigade of Hudson's Bay Company trappers through the Goose Lake Valley. He was followed in 1832 by John Work and his trappers. Work noted the hot springs north Goose Lake (now called Hunter's Hot Springs) in his journal. The hot springs are approximately north the Lakeview town site.〔Lund, Norma, ("Local History Time Line" ), Lake County Museum, Lakeview, Oregon, January 30, 2007.〕〔Bach, Melva M., ("John Work" ) (PDF), ''History of the Fremont National Forest'', Fremont National Forest, United States Forest Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Lakeview, Oregon, 1981, p. 3.〕 In 1867 and 1868, General George Crook led United States Army units and Indian scouts from the Wasco and Warm Springs tribes in a successful campaign against Northern Paiute bands in Eastern Oregon and northern California. This was part of the conflict known as the Snake War. Crook used Camp Warner as his supply depot and administrative headquarters. The camp was abandoned in 1874. Camp Warner was located northeast of the site that is now Lakeview.〔Hart, Herbert M., ''Tour Guide to Old Western Forts'', Pruitt Publishing Company, Boulder, Colorado, 1980, pp. 137–138.〕〔("The Snake War, 1864-1868" ) (PDF), ''Idaho State Historical Society Reference Series'' (Number 236), Idaho State Historical Society, Boise, Idaho, 1966.〕〔Bourke, John G. (Captain, 3rd Cavalry, U.S.A), ("General Crook in the Indian Country" ), ''The Century Magazine'' (Vol. XLI, No. 5), The Century Company, March 1891, pp. 644–649.〕〔Ebstein, Fred. H. E. (Captain, 21st U.S. Infantry, U.S.A.), ("Twenty-First Regiment of Infantry" ), ''The Army of the United States Historical Sketches of Staff and Line with Portraits of Generals-in-Chief'', edited by Philus Francis Rodenbough (Bvt Brigadier General, U.S.A.) and William Haskin (Major, 1st Artillery, U.S.A), Maynard, Merrill, and Company, New York, New York, 1896.〕 In 1867, M. W. Bullard settled along Bullard Creek at the mouth of Bullard Canyon at the northern end of the Goose Lake Valley. This is the location that eventually became the town of Lakeview. William Heryford brought cattle into the Goose Lake Valley in 1872. In 1873, the area's first post office was opened at the Tenbrook Ranch, south of present-day Lakeview.〔 Lake County was separated from Jackson County and Wasco County in 1874. The temporary county seat was located in Linkville (now Klamath Falls, Oregon). In June 1876, an election was held to select a permanent county seat. Prior to the election, W. M. Bullard offered to donate along Bullard Creek in the Goose Lake Valley as a site for the county courthouse. In the election, "Bullard Creek" received 120 votes while Linkville got only 88 votes. However, a majority of the 384 votes cast was needed to determine the permanent county seat. Bullard Creek fell short because many voters wrote in names like "Goose Lake", "Goose Lake Valley", "Bullard's ranch", or "Bullard's creek". As a result, a second election was scheduled in November 1876. Prior to that election, the town of Lakeview was organized at a meeting of Goose Lake Valley residents. The town site they selected was on Bullard Creek. In the second election, the new town site of Lakeview was select to replace Linkville as Lake County's seat of government. After the election, Bullard donated for the county courthouse as promised. Bullard sold an additional to John A. Moon, who filed a town plat with the state of Oregon, officially creating the town of Lakeview. The Lakeview post office was opened on December 8, 1876.〔〔McArthur, Lewis A. and Lewis L. McArthur, "Bullard Creek", ''Oregon Geographic Names'' (Seventh Edition), Oregon Historical Society Press, Portland, Oregon, 2003 (1928), p. 124.〕〔McArthur, Lewis A. and Lewis L. McArthur, "Lakeview", ''Oregon Geographic Names'' (Seventh Edition), Oregon Historical Society Press, Portland, Oregon, 2003 (1928), p. 557.〕 On May 22, 1900, a fire burned most of Lakeview. No lives were lost, but 64 buildings were destroyed. Only two business structures in the downtown area survived the fire. However, the staff of the ''Lake County Examiner'' newspaper rescued enough equipment and material to publish a special edition the day after the fire. Most of the town was rebuilt by October of that year. The town's rapid recovery was due in large part to the financing and leadership provided by Bernard Daly.〔〔Bach, Melva, ("Lakeview Burned, 1900" ), ''History of the Fremont National Forest'', Fremont National Forest, United States Forest Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Bend, Oregon, 1990.〕〔LaLande, Jeff and Allen Cain, (Biography of Daly ) for ''The Oregon History Project'', Oregon Historical Society, 2005.〕〔Rabun, Sheila, ("Lake County Examiner" ), ''Historic Oregon Newspapers'', Oregon Digital Newspaper Program, University of Oregon Libraries, Eugene, Oregon, July 15, 2014.〕 The federal government established the Goose Lake Forest Reserve in 1906. Later that year, the name was changed to ''Fremont National Forest Reserve'' to honor Captain John C. Fremont, who explored the area in 1843. In 1908, the Fremont National Forest was created, administered by the United States Forest Service. The forest headquarters was located in Lakeview.〔("Fremont National Forest (1908-2002)" ), "History and Culture", Fremont–Winema National Forest, United States Forest Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Lakeview, Oregon, July 15, 2014.〕〔Bach, Melva, ("Establishment of Goose Lake and Fremont Forest Reserves" ), ''History of the Fremont National Forest'', Fremont National Forest, United States Forest Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Bend, Oregon, 1990.〕 In 1909, the ''Oregon Valley Land Company'' conducted a week-long auction to dispose of land grants acquired from the construction of the Oregon Central Military Wagon Road in 1865 and 1869. The auction was advertised nationwide. The rural parcels also included a separate town lot in Lakeview. Thousands of people came to Lakeview for the auction and many others purchased property sight-unseen. During the auction, a total of were sold in approximately 14,000 parcels. Only a few of the buyers ever moved onto the land they purchased. Lake County used part of its income from the sale to finance a new county courthouse. The new brick courthouse was built in the center of town, replacing the wooden building that had served as the county court since 1876.〔Engeman, Richard, ("Lake County Courthouse, Lakeview" ), ''The Oregon History Project'', Oregon Historical Society, Portland, Oregon, 2005.〕〔Cooper, Forest E, ''Introducing Dr. Daly'', Lakeview Historical Society, Maverick Press, Bend, Oregon, 1986, p. 67.〕 In 1911, a narrow gauge railway connected Lakeview with Reno, Nevada. The Nevada-California-Oregon Railway operated the line until 1927, when it was sold to the Southern Pacific Railroad. Southern Pacific converted the track to standard gage. The new standard rail connection prompted several sawmills to begin operating in Lakeview, expanding the town's economic base.〔Engeman, Richard H., ''The Oregon Companion'', Timber Press, Portland, Oregon, 2009, pp. 210–211.〕〔Cooper, Forrest, ''Introducing Dr. Daly'', Maverick Publications, Bend, Oregon, 1986, pp. 72–74.〕 In 1913, William P.Heryford commissioned the construction of a three-story commercial building in downtown Lakeview, across the street from the Lake County courthouse. The Heryford Brothers Building cost approximately $100,000 to construct. When it was completed, the building was the largest and most expensive structure in Lakeview. It was also the most modern, with its own power generator, central stream heat, elevators, electric lights, hot water, and telephones.〔("Heryford Brothers Building" ) (PDF), National Register of Historic Places Inventory – Nomination Form, Statewide Inventory of Historic Sites and Buildings, Oregon State Historic Preservation Office, Salem, Oregon, February 21, 1980.〕〔Tonsfeldt, Ward, (''Historical Resource Survey of Lakeview, Oregon'' ) (PDF), study prepared for the Town of Lakeview Planning Office, Bend, Oregon, August 1, 1989, p. 16.〕〔Bach, Melva M., (''History of the Fremont National Forest'' ) (PDF), Fremont National Forest, United States Forest Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Lakeview, Oregon, 1981, p. 126.〕 By 1940, Lakeview had seven sawmills operating in town. All of the mills had recently installed new dry kilns which allowed year around operations. This increased winter employment opportunities in Lakeview, increasing economic stability in the community. The number of sawmills decrease during World War II, leaving only three by 1946. That year, only 39,000,000 board feet of timber was cut on the Fremont National Forest. However, that national forest's timber harvest increased to 81,200,000 board feet per year by 1952. To accommodate this increase, Lakeview's sawmills were expanded and modernized. In the 1950s, the payrolls and income from Lakeview's sawmills accounted for more than half of the town's economy.〔Bach, Melva, ("Timber Companies" ), Chapter 6: The Forties, ''History of the Fremont National Forest'', Fremont National Forest, United States Forest Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Bend, Oregon, 1990.〕〔Bach, Melva, ("Lakeview Federal Sustained Yield Unit" ), Chapter 7: The Fifties, ''History of the Fremont National Forest'', Fremont National Forest, United States Forest Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Bend, Oregon, 1990.〕 In the mid-1950s, a large number uranium mining claims were filed in the mountains north of Lakeview. However, only two mines, ''White King'' and ''Lucky Lass'', were developed. In 1958, a uranium processing plant was built on the outskirts of Lakeview. The mill had the capacity to process 210 tons of uranium ore per day. The mill employed 50 people. Another 120 people were employed at the two mines.〔Bach, Melva, ("Uranium Mining" ), Chapter 7: The Fifties, ''History of the Fremont National Forest'', Fremont National Forest, United States Forest Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Bend, Oregon, 1990.〕 The uranium plant closed in 1961.〔("Site Description and History" ) (PDF), ''Lakeview, Oregon, Processing and Disposal Sites'', Office of Legacy Management, United States Department of Energy, Grand Junction, Colorado, April 5, 2009.〕 In 1985, Southern Pacific announced it planned to abandon its spur line to Lakeview. However, the company continued to operate the line until it was purchased by Lake County in January 1986. Lake County contracted operation of the line to Great Western Railway. In 1996, Lake County took over the railroad operation, and renamed it the Lake County Railroad. From 2007, the Modoc Northern Railroad leased the line from the county. In 2009, ''Frontier Rail'' began operating the line under the name ''Lake Railroad''.〔Moore, Jeff, ("Lake County Railroad" ), ''High Desert Rails'', hosted by ''TrainWeb'', American Passenger Rail Heritage Foundation, La Plata, Missouri, July 19, 2014.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Lakeview, Oregon」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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